Synthesis of Bioethanol from Artocarpus Heterophyllus Peel by Fermentation using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae at Low Cost

The most common way to produce bio-ethanol is fermenting raw materials using suitable microorganism. For this fermentation process to produce ethanol from Artocarpus Heterophyllus which is generally known as jack fruit, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is used as a microorganism. Saccharomyces is used to produce high yield of ethanol due to its naturally adopting property and its high tolerance rate of ethanol and chemical inhibitor. Ethanol, unlike gasoline, is an oxygenated fuel that contains 35% of oxygen, which reduces particulate and Nitrogen Oxide emission from combustion. Ethanol can be made synthetically from petroleum or by microbial conversion of biomass through fermentation process. The main types of raw materials for ethanol production using biological method are cellulose, carbohydrate and sugar. Ethanol production procedures from biomass which are rich in carbohydrates, consists of feedstock preparation or pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and product separation and purification. In this work, jackfruit peel is taken as a substrate due to its high carbohydrate content. The essential hydrolysis and fermentation step, which provides fermentable sugar and ethanol, can be carried out by using enzyme or microorganism. This is carried out using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae generally known as bakery yeast which has been used traditionally for fermented food and alcoholic drink production. KeywordsEthanol, Artocarpus Heterophyllus, Fermentation, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Micro Organism